AGP Executive Report

Climate & Islands Law: The UN General Assembly backed the idea of “continuity of statehood in the face of sea level rise,” pushing back against the fear that submergence could erase island nations’ legal status—an important signal for climate-threat countries like Comoros. Water Stress: A new global map highlights how some countries are using far more freshwater than nature can replenish, with Kuwait topping the list; the data underscores why climate-driven demand and shifting rainfall patterns are a direct environmental risk. Geology Under Comoros: A study on mantle dynamics beneath the Comoros archipelago (including Mayotte and the Fani Maoré submarine volcano) reports surviving Hadean mantle materials, offering fresh clues about Earth’s earliest deep interior. Maritime Environment & Security: Reports on the Strait of Hormuz describe a corridor that is “open” but operating far below normal commercial levels, with ongoing enforcement and attacks affecting regional shipping—relevant for ocean pollution and coastal risk planning. Weather Data Sharing: The WIS2 operational newsletter says more WMO members are now sharing weather and climate data via WIS2 nodes, boosting regional capacity to track and respond to hazards. Trade & Sustainability Events: A global MSME forum in India included Comoros among participating ambassadors, with sustainability and development framed as part of international partnership-building.

Water Security: A new global map highlights how badly many countries are overusing freshwater, with withdrawals far outpacing what nature can replenish; Kuwait tops the list at 3,850% water stress, while the UN data (from 2022) also flags severe pressure across the Middle East and North Africa. Climate & Island State Law: The UN General Assembly’s stance on sea-level rise and “continuity of statehood” challenges how international law treats sovereignty and territorial integrity for climate-threatened island nations, even as states broadly back the survival goal. Comoros Geoscience: Research on the mantle beneath the Comoros archipelago—linking Mayotte and the submarine volcano Fani Maoré—reports signs of surviving Hadean materials like bridgmanite, offering fresh clues to Earth’s earliest deep-mantle history. Regional Trade & Environment: The Suez Canal Authority says FY2025/26 revenues nearly hit $4.7 billion as traffic and tonnage rebound after Red Sea disruptions, a reminder of how conflict and climate-linked pressures can quickly reshape environmental and shipping impacts. Global Monitoring (WMO): The WIS2 system keeps expanding, with 116 operational nodes across 92 WMO members now sharing data, including new updates to tools and guidance for weather and climate information flows.

Climate & Statehood: The UN General Assembly backed the idea of state continuity in the face of sea-level rise, citing the ICJ’s climate advisory opinion—an important signal for island nations like the Comoros, even as the legal “how” remains contested. Geology & Deep Earth: A new study on the Comoros–Mayotte region reports signs of surviving Hadean mantle material (including bridgmanite) beneath the archipelago, using isotope work on submarine volcanic rocks from Fani Maoré. Maritime Security & Shipping: The Strait of Hormuz is “open” but still operating far below normal commercial levels, with corridor enforcement and attacks shaping risk for tankers and regional trade. Weather Data Sharing: The WMO’s WIS2 system continues to expand, with 116 operational nodes across 92 Members as of 30 June 2026, pushing faster climate and weather information exchange. Shipping Finance: The Suez Canal reported FY2025/26 revenues near $4.7bn, driven by higher traffic and tonnage as Red Sea disruptions ease.

Climate & Statehood: The UN General Assembly backed the idea of continuity of statehood in the face of sea-level rise, citing the ICJ’s climate advisory opinion—an important signal for low-lying island nations like Comoros, even as the legal “how” remains contested. Earth Science (Comoros/Mayotte): A new study on the Comoros–Mayotte region reports Hadean mantle materials (including bridgmanite) surviving deep in Earth’s interior, using isotope work on submarine volcanic rocks from the Fani Maoré area—fresh clues to the archipelago’s deep origins. Maritime Environment (Suez): The Suez Canal posted strong FY2025/26 results, with revenues near $4.7bn as traffic and tonnage recover after Red Sea disruptions—good news for shipping stability that affects regional emissions and coastal pressures. Weather Data Sharing (WMO/WIS2): The WMO says WIS2 is expanding fast, with 116 operational nodes across 92 Members and 48% implementation—supporting better climate and disaster monitoring. Local Economy (Trade/Industry): A global MSME forum in New Delhi drew 250+ delegates including Comoros, highlighting sustainable development partnerships.

Climate Law & Island Statehood: The UN General Assembly backed the idea of “continuity of statehood in the face of sea level rise,” citing the ICJ’s advisory opinion—an important shift for island nations like Comoros, though the legal “how” still remains contested. Deep-Sea Geology & Earth History: A new study on the Comoros–Mayotte region reports surviving Hadean mantle materials (including bridgmanite) beneath the archipelago, using samples from the submarine volcano Fani Maoré to refine what we know about Earth’s earliest interior. Ocean Conservation Commitments: At Kenya’s Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa, governments and partners made 300+ voluntary pledges and mobilized $6.4bn for marine protected areas, fisheries monitoring, climate finance and a “blue economy,” with Africa taking a leading role. Maritime Risk & Shipping Disruption: Reports on the Strait of Hormuz describe a corridor that is “open” but operating far below normal commercial levels due to repeated attacks and shifting enforcement—relevant for regional sea safety and trade pressures. Weather Data Sharing: WMO’s WIS2 rollout update says 116 operational nodes are live across 92 Members, with steady expansion that supports faster climate and weather data exchange.

Marine Science Breakthrough: A new study on the Comoros–Mayotte region reports “surviving Hadean” deep-mantle materials, including bridgmanite, linked to the submarine volcano Fani Maoré—offering fresh clues about Earth’s earliest interior. Blue Economy & Ocean Protection: The Our Ocean Conference in Kenya wrapped up with 300+ voluntary commitments and $6.4 billion pledged for marine protected areas, fisheries monitoring, climate finance and sustainable “blue economy” work. Maritime Trade Pressure (Regional): Reporting on the Strait of Hormuz says it’s “open” but operating far below normal commercial levels due to security incidents and suspended evacuation arrangements—an indirect reminder of how conflict risk can disrupt ocean-linked livelihoods. Weather Data Sharing: The WIS2 Operational Newsletter (Issue 3) says WMO’s WIS2 network has grown to 116 operational nodes across 92 members, with nearly half of members now sharing data through the system. Suez Canal Recovery: Suez Canal revenues for 2025/26 are reported near $4.7 billion as traffic and tonnage rise after Red Sea disruptions.

Earth Science: A new investigation into the mantle beneath the Comoros archipelago—focused on Mayotte and the recently active submarine volcano Fani Maoré—reports signs that ancient Hadean mantle materials, including bridgmanite, may still survive deep inside Earth, using high-precision isotope work on volcanic samples collected during ocean expeditions. Marine Conservation: The Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa wrapped up with more than 300 voluntary commitments and $6.4 billion pledged for ocean protection, including marine protected areas, fisheries monitoring, and climate finance, with Africa hosting the event for the first time. Ocean Policy & Shipping Security: The EU’s proposed 21st sanctions package would expand pressure beyond sanctioned Russian “shadow fleet” vessels to the service providers that enable them, raising compliance demands for bunkering operators and other maritime actors. Climate Data Sharing: WMO’s WIS2 rollout continues to expand, with 116 operational nodes across 92 members and nearly half of WMO members now implementing WIS2 for data sharing. Regional Context: A report on the Strait of Hormuz describes a corridor that is “open” but operating far below normal commercial levels amid heightened enforcement and attacks.

Volcanology & Deep Earth: A new study on the Comoros–Mayotte region reports surviving Hadean mantle material, including bridgmanite, preserved beneath the ocean floor—using samples from the Fani Maoré submarine volcano as a rare window into Earth’s earliest interior. Ocean Conservation: The Our Ocean Conference in Kenya wrapped up with 300+ voluntary commitments and $6.4 billion pledged for marine protected areas, fisheries monitoring, climate finance and “blue economy” projects. Climate Data Sharing: WMO’s WIS2 network keeps expanding, with 116 operational nodes across 92 members and new tools and updates rolling out under WIS2’s operational newsletter. Marine Security & Shipping Risks: Reports on the Strait of Hormuz describe a corridor that is “open” but running far below normal commercial levels amid escalating enforcement and attacks—highlighting how instability can quickly disrupt regional trade and livelihoods. Maritime Environment & Compliance: The EU’s proposed 21st sanctions package would widen responsibility to companies that service Russia’s shadow fleet, raising the bar for screening bunkering and related operators. Policy Context: A quick glossary of UN climate negotiation terms (Paris Agreement, NDCs, global stocktake, mitigation and adaptation) helps readers track what’s at stake in upcoming talks.

Ocean Conservation Pledges: The Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa wrapped up with 320 commitments and $6.4bn mobilised, including plans to expand marine protected areas, improve fisheries monitoring, boost climate finance, and strengthen waste-management to cut marine pollution. Marine Protection vs Deep-Sea Mining: Delegates also pushed for a precautionary pause on deep-sea mining and stronger protection for climate-resilient coral reefs, with African countries playing a leadership role on fisheries transparency and high-seas proposals. Shipping, Security & Climate Risk: A report on the Strait of Hormuz says the corridor is “open” but commercial activity remains far below normal, with attacks and enforcement tightening affecting regional shipping patterns—an issue that can ripple into weather and climate-related planning. Maritime Pollution Controls via Sanctions: The EU’s proposed 21st Russia sanctions package would expand pressure beyond sanctioned vessels to service providers like bunkering operators, raising compliance screening demands that could affect fuel supply chains. Weather Data Sharing: WIS2’s latest update shows 116 operational nodes across 92 WMO members, with nearly half of members now sharing data through the system.

Maritime Security: The Strait of Hormuz is “open” but barely functioning commercially, with two kinetic incidents in 72 hours, an IMO evacuation corridor paused, and daily transits averaging about 13 (around 90% below pre-war levels), while Iran tightens lane enforcement and U.S.-backed escort activity continues in the southern corridor. Ocean Conservation: Kenya’s Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa wrapped up with 320 commitments and $6.4bn mobilised, including marine protected area expansion, fisheries monitoring, climate finance, and steps to cut marine pollution—plus calls to turn pledges into action. Deep-Sea Mining & Reefs: Delegates also pushed for a precautionary pause on deep-sea mining, protection of climate-resilient coral reefs, and action against illegal fishing, with African countries leading on fisheries transparency and high-seas protection proposals. Sanctions & Shipping Risks: The EU’s proposed 21st Russia sanctions package would expand pressure beyond sanctioned vessels to service providers enabling the “shadow fleet,” raising compliance burdens for bunkering and screening across ownership and operating histories. Climate Talk Primer: A UN climate diplomacy glossary breaks down key terms like the Paris Agreement, NDCs, global stocktake, mitigation, and adaptation for readers tracking negotiations.

Maritime Security & Trade Disruption: The Strait of Hormuz is “open” but barely operating as commercial infrastructure, with an IMO evacuation corridor suspended, two kinetic incidents in 72 hours, and daily transits averaging about 13 (around 90% below pre-war levels), while a U.S.-backed southern lane under Project Freedom continues under escort pressure. Red Sea Shipping Recovery: The Suez Canal Authority says fiscal year 2025/26 revenues are nearing $4.7 billion as traffic rises ~10% and tonnage ~22%, citing gradual recovery after Red Sea tensions. Ocean Conservation Commitments: The Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa ended with 300+ voluntary commitments and $6.4bn mobilized, including marine protected areas, fisheries monitoring, climate finance, and steps to cut marine pollution—plus calls to turn pledges into action. Blue Economy Support in the Region: The ReSea project handed over productive equipment to coastal groups, supporting seaweed, sea cucumber, crab fattening, and sardine processing under a gender- and youth-focused Blue Economy pillar. Climate Policy Basics: A new glossary breaks down key UN climate-talk terms like the Paris Agreement, NDCs, and the global stocktake for non-specialists. EU Sanctions & Shipping Compliance: The EU’s proposed 21st Russia sanctions package would expand scrutiny beyond sanctioned vessels to service providers like bunkering operators, pushing broader checks on ownership and operating histories.

Maritime Security in the Indian Ocean: The Strait of Hormuz is “open” but barely working for commerce, with two kinetic incidents in 72 hours, an IMO evacuation corridor suspended, and daily transits averaging about 13 (around 90% below pre-war levels). Iran is tightening enforcement on designated lanes, while a U.S.-backed southern corridor under Project Freedom continues with tankers transiting under active AWACS cover—alongside reports of Iranian-linked vessels using fraudulent flag registrations. Red Sea Shipping Recovery: The Suez Canal Authority says fiscal 2025/26 revenues are nearing $4.7bn as traffic rises ~10% year-on-year and tonnage jumps 22%, citing gradual easing of Red Sea tensions and renewed confidence in the route. Ocean Commitments in Africa: Kenya’s Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa ended with 320 commitments and $6.4bn mobilised, including marine protected areas, fisheries monitoring, climate finance, waste-management to cut marine pollution, and calls to strengthen existing protections. EU Sanctions and Shipping Compliance: The EU’s proposed 21st Russia sanctions package would expand scrutiny beyond sanctioned vessels to service providers enabling Russia’s shadow fleet, including bunkering operators—pushing for deeper checks on ownership chains and operating histories. Climate Perception Snapshot: New survey data suggests people often underestimate how seriously others view climate change, with a “climate perception gap” showing personal concern is frequently higher than perceived public concern.

Ocean Conservation Pledges: The Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa (June 16–18) wrapped up with $6.4bn in mobilised commitments and 320 pledges, including support for marine protected areas, fisheries monitoring, climate finance and waste-management to cut marine pollution, with African countries pushing for a precautionary pause on deep-sea mining and stronger high-seas protections. Illegal Fishing Crackdown: Kenya and the U.S. agreed to visa restrictions targeting people linked to IUU fishing, alongside a Ksh12.4bn maritime security package, with over Ksh6.7bn aimed specifically at countering IUU across major ocean basins. Blue Economy Support: The ReSea project handed over productive equipment to coastal enterprises in the Tanga–Pemba seascape, backing women and youth-led activities like seaweed and sea cucumber farming and sardine processing to build climate resilience and healthier marine ecosystems. Maritime Risk & Sanctions: The EU’s proposed 21st Russia sanctions package would expand compliance pressure beyond sanctioned vessels to the service providers that enable the “shadow fleet,” including bunkering and related screening requirements—an issue with clear spillover for ocean governance and port operations. Maritime Trade Signal: The Suez Canal Authority reported FY2025/26 revenues nearing $4.7bn, with traffic up about 10% and tonnage up 22%, citing a gradual recovery in Red Sea shipping after earlier disruptions.

Ocean Conservation Pledges: The Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa (June 18 close) drew 6,000 delegates and secured over 300 voluntary commitments, mobilizing about $6.4bn for marine protected areas, fisheries monitoring, climate finance and blue-economy work, with African countries pushing for stronger action on illegal fishing and a precautionary pause on deep-sea mining. Illegal Fishing Crackdown: Kenya and the U.S. agreed to visa restrictions targeting people linked to illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, alongside a Ksh12.4bn maritime security package aimed at protecting marine resources and boosting responsible fishing. Deep-Sea Mining & Reefs: Observers say the conference delivered “positive steps” on banning deep-sea mining, protecting climate-resilient coral reefs and improving waste management, but warned pledges must now translate into real on-the-water delivery. Climate Talk Basics: A new glossary breaks down key UN climate terms like the Paris Agreement, NDCs and the global stocktake—useful context as countries negotiate next steps. Maritime Trade Context: Separately, the Suez Canal reported FY2025/26 revenues nearing $4.7bn, supported by higher traffic and tonnage as Red Sea disruptions ease—an indirect reminder of how regional stability shapes ocean-linked economies.

Our Ocean Conference in Kenya: The Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa wrapped up with $6.4bn in voluntary ocean commitments, including plans to expand marine protected areas, improve fisheries monitoring, cut marine pollution, and support climate-resilient coral reefs—while observers stressed pledges must now turn into real action. Illegal fishing crackdown: Kenya and the U.S. agreed to visa restrictions targeting people linked to IUU fishing, alongside a Ksh12.4bn maritime security package to strengthen enforcement across major ocean basins. Deep-sea mining and reefs: African countries pushed for a precautionary pause on deep-sea mining, stronger fisheries transparency, and new high-seas marine protection proposals. EU sanctions and maritime services: A proposed EU 21st Russia sanctions package would expand scrutiny beyond sanctioned vessels to bunkering and other service providers that enable Russia’s shadow fleet—raising compliance pressure for fuel suppliers and port operators. Climate talk basics: A new glossary of UN climate diplomacy terms aims to help readers follow negotiations. Community blue economy support: The ReSea project handed over productive equipment for seaweed, sea cucumber, crab fattening, and sardine processing, backing women and youth-led coastal livelihoods and ecosystem resilience.

Our Ocean Conference in Kenya: The Our Ocean Conference in Mombasa wrapped up June 18 with $6.4bn in voluntary ocean pledges, including plans to expand marine protected areas, improve fisheries monitoring, boost climate finance, and strengthen waste-management to cut marine pollution. Deep-sea mining and reefs: Delegates also pushed for a precautionary pause on deep-sea mining and support for climate-resilient coral reefs, with observers warning that pledges must now turn into real action. Illegal fishing crackdown: Kenya and the U.S. agreed to visa restrictions targeting people linked to IUU fishing, alongside a Ksh12.4bn maritime security commitment to strengthen enforcement across major ocean basins. EU Russia sanctions and bunkering: A proposed EU 21st sanctions package would expand scrutiny beyond sanctioned vessels to the bunkering and service providers enabling Russia’s shadow fleet—raising compliance pressure for fuel suppliers and port-linked operators. Climate diplomacy basics: A new climate talks glossary breaks down key UN terms like the Paris Agreement, NDCs, and global stocktake.